Development is a process of enhancement of quality of life through production, provision and
utilization of goods and services with people’s choice and environmental sustainability.
Developmental planning is the process of organizing resources, people and their activities over
space and time to achieve some objectives.
For a successful town planning there must be a plan which envisages the entire town as a single
unit. The development or expansion of a town takes a long time and therefore, the development
is required to be controlled at any time on the basis of a plan. Such a plan is called as
Development Plan or Master Plan. The development plan is generally prepared to improve the
old conditions of the town but it is also equally necessary for the new cities to be planned and
built on virgin land. e.g. New Delhi, Gandhinagar, Chandigarh, etc. A development plan is an
ideal plan showing the full development of the town at some future date.
A master plan or a development plan or a town plan may be defined as a general plan for the
future layout of a city showing both the existing and proposed streets or roads, open spaces,
public buildings etc. A master plan is prepared either for improvement of an old city or for a
new town to be developed on a virgin soil. A master plan is a blueprint for the future. It is an
comprehensive document, long range in its view, that is intended to guide development in the
township for the next 10 to 20 years.
Urban planning involves forecasting future population growth and planning for possible
changes. Planners consider rate of growth, rates of natural increases and migration, age profile
of the forecasted population, housing types and employment services required for making
proposals. To be successful the development planning process must be:
- Visionary and realistic i.e. it must raise the aspirations for the people and area and
provide a vehicle for consensus building and implementation
- Fully integrated into land use planning system, but also allow new uses and market
opportunities to exploit the full development potential of the area
- A flexible process, providing the basis for negotiation and dispute resolution
- A participative process, providing all the stakeholders with a means of expressing their
needs and priorities
- Equally applicable to rethinking the role, function and form of existing neighborhoods
as creating new neighborhoods.
Development Plans are prepared to achieve an orderly growth of urban settlement which forms
part of the regional plans. Jurisdiction of the development plans are normally urban areas in
the case of smaller urban settlements and it includes the surrounding inter dependent areas in
the case of major urban settlements. The plan period for such development plan is generally 15
to 20 years. Here also the population for the plan period is projected and the spatial extent for
not only the existing population but also for the future population is given in the plan. It is
necessary that development plans also prioritize and phase out the developments. As in the
regional plans, the agencies for planning, monitoring and implementation are identified. Such
development plans contain the following in detail:
- The manner in which land in the planning area shall be used
- Allotment and reservation of land for residential purpose, commercial purpose,
industrial purpose, agricultural purpose, parks, play fields and open spaces, improvement and conservation of urban renewal areas and amenities, services and
utilities
- Provision of areas for housing, shopping, industries, civic amenities and health,
educational and cultural facilities
- Control of architectural features
- Provision of zoning regulation
- Phasing of development proposals
A development plan is a document which details the overall strategy of the council for the
proper planning and sustainable development of an area and generally consists of a written
statement and accompanying maps. The plan usually includes the broad aims of the council for
specific topics, e.g. housing, infrastructure, community facilities which are reinforced by more
detailed policies and objectives. A human settlement is a living organism and has an origin,
growth, decay and regrowth. The settlement is subjected to various types of forces like
physical, social, economical and political, which influence its form ad structure. It is necessary
to channelize these forces in a planned manner to create such environment which is healthy,
efficient and satisfying for working, living and recreation. The developmental plan is an
instrument to achieve these objectives.
